Manejo e serviços ambientais prestados em sistema agroflorestal com a função de corredor ecológico

Abstract

He Atlantic Forest today is fragmented and many areas that had forest cover in the past are now severely degraded. In order to reconcile nature conservation with agroforestry production this study sought to assess the environmental services and management practices in agroforestry systems used as an ecological corridor in the Fazendinha Agroecological Km 47, Seropédica RJ. The agroforestry (SAF's) are a form of land use and management of land, which form a consortium and plant species or animals in the same area. The model adopted for this experiment was the SAFRA (Regenerative Agroforestry System Analogue), which has its principles based on natural dynamics of tropical forests. To analyze the diversity of species and the successional process of the corridor, a floristic survey was done, which showed about 65 species of 19 families. The Shannon diversity index was equal to H '= 1.626 and Equitability Pielou J = 0.8843. The management plan for the corridor characterized the need for an 2-3 pruning and selective weeding per year, with different intensities. Seeking to generate revenue through agroforestry products, has been produced in the system cassava, sugarcane and pineapple and to generate future revenues, was planted tree species in the system as caja fruit (Spondias sp.) And juçara (Euterpe edulis), species for purposes such as loggers Garapa (Apuleia leiocarpa) and Vinhático (Plathymenia foliosa) and ornamental flowers and Heliconias zingiberaceae. To assess soil biological activity and therefore the provision of environmental services, analysis was performed of soil basal respiration (SBR), but due to large variation among the areas studied, it was not possible to make comparisons. The presence of earthworm casting and analysis of RBS made by microorganisms, indicated mechanisms of biological restoration of soil.