Levantamento de solos em sub-bacias hidrográficas como apoio para avaliação do uso da terra e da potencialidade de recarga de aqüíferos

Abstract

The knowledge of natural resources, mainly soil water, is fundamental for a better evaluation of land use in sustainable basis, indicating its potential and limitations for agricultural and non-agricultural exploration. This evaluation can be improved by the use of Land Agricultural Vocation Evaluation System, in which the differential impacts of limitations on the small and big farmers are clearly recognized. So, this work aimed to characterize and map the soils of two hydrographic watersheds, as a basis for evaluation of land use and aquifers recharge potential. In Vista Bela creek watershed, the main soils are: Red- Yellow Latossol (34,4%), Red Latosol (12%), Haplic Cambisol (35%), and Fluvic Neosol (16%). The 3(bc) agricultural vocational class predominates. The Latosols and Fluvic Neosols are the main responsible for the aquiferous recharge potential. The main soils in the Lavrinha creek watersheds are: Haplic Cambisol (92%) and Fluvic Neosol (7%). The Cambisols are responsible for the low aquiferous recharge potential. The 5N agricultural vocational class predominates. In general, the soil natural fertility is low and the land being utilized below its agricultural potential with respect to the aquiferous recharge, in the Lavrinha creek watershed it is necessary the maintenance of an efficient vegetal cover because of this low recharge potential in pedological terms, while the situation is much more confortable in the Vista Bela creek watershed.